Cyberattacks in 2025 reached an unprecedented scale, causing widespread disruption across governments, corporations, and critical infrastructure worldwide, according to a TechCrunch review. The report highlights repeated breaches of the US federal government, beginning with a cyberattack attributed to Chinese hackers on the US Treasury, followed by intrusions into multiple federal agencies, including systems linked to nuclear security. Russian-linked hackers were also reported to have accessed sealed records from the US courts’ filing system, raising alarms about deep-rooted systemic vulnerabilities.
Corporate networks faced similarly severe threats. TechCrunch detailed a mass extortion campaign by the Clop ransomware group, which exploited an unknown vulnerability in Oracle’s E-Business Suite. The flaw allowed attackers to steal large volumes of sensitive employee and executive data from dozens of organisations before the breach was detected.
The economic impact was particularly stark in the UK, where a wave of cyberattacks hit the retail sector, culminating in a major breach at Jaguar Land Rover that halted production for months. The disruption triggered a £1.5 billion government-backed support package, with experts calling it the most economically damaging cyberattack in the country’s history.
In Asia, South Korea experienced near-monthly cyber incidents in 2025, including breaches at its largest telecom operator and a prolonged data theft at e-commerce giant Coupang, exposing tens of millions of customer records. The report concludes that weak detection systems, supply-chain dependencies, and state-linked actors have made cyber disruption as destructive as data theft itself.
